Effect of a prototype lumbar spinal stenosis belt versus a lumbar support on walking capacity in lumbar spinal stenosis: a randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND CONTEXT

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) can impair blood flow to the spinal nerves giving rise to neurogenic claudication and limited walking ability. Reducing lumbar lordosis can increases the volume of the spinal canal and reduce neuroischemia. We developed a prototype LSS belt aimed at reducing lumbar lordosis while walking.

NLRP3炎性小体在蛛网膜下腔出血中的研究进展

蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）是一种急性脑血管疾病，近年来炎性反应被认为在SAH及其并发 症中起着重要作用，而NLRP3 炎性小体在炎性反应中起关键作用，但其具体作用机制有待进一步阐明。 现针对NLRP3 炎性小体在SAH中的作用及相关研究作一综述，旨在为SAH的临床研究和治疗策略提供 相关线索。     

Pediatric intracranial hypertension: Experience from 2 Tertiary Centers

Objectives:To review the experience of 2 tertiary centers in Saudi Arabia with intracranial hypertension (IH) in the pediatric population.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed pediatric patients diagnosed with IH from June 2002 to May 2017 in 2 institutes.Results:We identified 53 patients (30 females and 23 males) with a mean age of 7 years at the time of presentation. Among them, 41 patients were younger than 12 years, and 12 were older. Obese and overweight patients constituted 27.00% (n = 14) of all cases, 8 (66.7%) of whom were older than 12 years. The most common presenting feature was papilledema followed by headache. Vitamin D deficiency, which constituted the most common associated condition, was identified in 12 (22.6%) patients. Acetazolamide was the treatment option in 98.11% of patients, and only 5.7% underwent surgical interventions. The length of follow-up ranged from 6 months to 8 years.Conclusion:Intracranial hypertension is rare in children and commonly seen in overweight females older than 12 years similar to adults. Patients younger than 12 years tend to develop secondary IH. More studies are needed to characterize the clinical presentation and guide the management plan.

Intracranial hypertension (IH) is rarely reported in children. It is characterized by increased intracranial pressure (ICP) without any evidence of underlying brain pathology, structural abnormalities, hydrocephalus, or any abnormal meningeal enhancement.1 The incidence of IH differs from region to region due to variations in the prevalence of obesity and other secondary causes. The annual incidence of IH in children is 0.9 per 100,000 in the United States,2 0.5 per 100,000 in Germany,3 0.6 per 100,000 in Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island in Eastern Canada,4 and 1.2 per 100,000 in Croatia.5 A study carried out in Oman estimated the incidence of IH to be 1.9 per 100,000 in children below 15 years of age; with it being higher in female children.6 The present study aimed to review the clinical presentation, possible aetiological factors, diagnosis, management, and outcomes in children with IH in 2 tertiary institutes in Saudi Arabia.     

急性胰腺炎患者血清FABP4、miR-369-5p表达与疾病严重程度的关系

目的 检测急性胰腺炎(AP)患者血清中脂肪酸结合蛋白4(FABP4)、微小RNA-369-5p(miR-369-5p)水平,并探讨二者对AP病情程度的评估价值.方法 选取2019年4月至2020年6月于本院就诊治疗的127例AP患者为研究对象,根据严重程度将其分为轻症AP(MAP)组69例和重症AP(SAP)组58例.采用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测血清miR-369-5p水平,采用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法检测血清FABP4、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)水平;采用Pearson法分析AP患者血清FABP4、miR-369-5p水平与生化指标及疾病严重程度评分相关性;采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)分析血清FABP4、miR-369-5p水平对SAP的诊断价值;采用Logistic回归分析影响AP病情程度的因素.结果 SAP组血清FABP4、TNF-α、IL-6、CRP水平及Ranson评分、急性生理与慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分高于MAP组,miR-369-5p水平低于MAP组(P<0.05).AP患者血清FABP4与miR-369-5p呈负相关(r=-0.541,P<0.05);FABP4与TNF-α、IL-6、CRP水平及Ranson评分、APACHEⅡ评分呈正相关(P<0.05);miR-369-5p与TNF-α、IL-6、CRP水平及Ranson评分、APACHEⅡ评分呈负相关(P<0.05).血清FABP4、miR-369-5p水平诊断SAP的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.877、0.867,特异性分别为91.3％、76.8％,灵敏度分别为72.4％、87.9％;二者联合诊断的AUC为0.933,特异性为87.0％,灵敏度为89.7％.FABP4是AP患者出现重症的危险因素(P<0.05),miR-369-5p是AP患者出现重症的保护因素(P<0.05).结论 血清FABP4、miR-369-5p水平与AP病情程度密切相关,可作为早期诊断AP患者病情程度的良好参考指标.     

过表达miR-146a通过靶向SOX5抑制胃癌MKN-45细胞增殖和侵袭

目的 探讨过表达miR-146a对胃癌MKN-45细胞增殖、侵袭的影响及可能机制.方法 利用瞬时转染将miR-146a mimics(过表达miR-146a组)和miR-NC(阴性对照组)分别转染胃癌MKN-45细胞,建立过表达miR-146a胃癌MKN-45细胞系,采用MTT法检测转染后MKN-45细胞增殖能力,Transwell实验检测转染后MKN-45细胞侵袭能力.Western blot检测转染后MKN-45细胞中SOX5蛋白表达,通过网站Targetscan预测SOX5是否为miR-146a的靶基因,双荧光素酶实验进行验证.结果 miR-146a过表达抑制MKN-45细胞增殖、侵袭能力,miR-146a过表达使MKN-45细胞中SOX5蛋白表达下降,Targetscan网站分析及双荧光素酶实验证实SOX5为miR-146a的靶基因.结论 过表达miR-146a可以抑制胃癌MKN-45细胞增殖及侵袭能力,其机制可能与下调SOX5的表达有关.     

Quality of life measurement in skin cancer patients: literature review and position paper of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology Task Forces on Quality of Life and Patient Oriented Outcomes,Melanoma and Non‐Melanoma Skin Cancer

The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV) Task Forces (TFs) on Quality of Life (QoL) and Patient Oriented Outcomes, Melanoma and Non‐Melanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC) present a review of the literature and position statement on health‐related (HR) QoL assessment in skin cancer patients. A literature search was carried out to identify publications since 1980 that included information about the impact of SC on QoL. Generic, dermatology‐specific, cancer‐specific, SC‐specific, facial SC‐specific, NMSC‐specific, basal cell carcinoma‐specific and melanoma‐specific QoL questionnaires have been used to assess HRQoL in SC patients. HRQoL was assessed in the context of creation and validation of the HRQoL instruments, clinical trials, comparison of QoL in SC and other cancers, other diseases or controls, HRQoL assessment after treatment, comorbidities, behaviour modification, predictors of QoL and survival, supportive care needs, coping strategies and fear of cancer recurrence. The most widely used instruments for HRQoL assessment in SC patients are the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ‐C30), the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy‐Melanoma (FACT‐M), Skin Cancer Index (SCI), Short Form 36 Item Health Survey (SF‐36) and the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). The TFs recommend the use of the cancer‐specific EORTC QLQ‐C30, especially in late stages of disease, and the melanoma‐specific FACT‐M and SC‐specific SCI questionnaires. These instruments have been well validated and used in several studies. Other HRQoL instruments, also with good basic validation, are not currently recommended because the experience of their use is too limited. Dermatology‐specific HRQoL instruments can be used to assess the impact of skin‐related problems in SC. The TFs encourage further studies to validate HRQoL instruments for use in different stages of SC, in order to allow more detailed practical recommendations on HRQoL assessment in SC.